Neuropsychological analogies Inattentional blindness

1 neuropsychological analogies

1.1 visual neglect
1.2 extinction
1.3 inattentional agnosia
1.4 change blindness

neuropsychological analogies

there similarities in types of unconscious processing apparent in inattentional blindness , in neuropsychological syndromes such visual neglect , extinction. analogy between these phenomenon s seems generate more questions answers. these answers fundamental our understanding of relationship between attention, stimulus coding , behavior.

visual neglect

animation. parietal lobe (red) of left cerebral hemisphere.

research has shown aspects of syndrome of unilateral visual neglect appear similar normal subjects in state of inattentional blindness. in neglect, patients lesions parietal cortex fail respond , report stimuli presented on side of space contralateral damage. is, appear functionally blind range of stimuli. since such lesions not result in sensory deficits, shortcomings have been explained in terms of lack of attentional processing, parietal cortex plays large role. these phenomena draw strong parallels 1 another, in both cases stimuli perceptible unreported when unattended.

extinction

in phenomenon of extinction, patients can report presence of single stimulus presented on affected side, fail detect when second stimulus presented simultaneously on (ipsilateral) side. here stimulus on affected side seems lose under conditions of attentional competition stimuli in ipsilesional field. consequence of competition extinguished items may not detected.

similar studies of inattentional blindness, there evidence of processing taking place in neglected field. example, there can semantic priming stimulus presented in neglected field, affects responses stimuli subsequently presented on unimpaired side. apparently in both neglect , inattentional blindness, there level processing of stimuli when unattended. 1 major difference between neuropsychological symptoms such neglect , extinction, , inattentional blindness concerns role of expectation. in inattentional blindness, subjects not expect unreported stimulus. in contrast, in neglect , extinction, patients may expect stimulus presented on affected side still fail report when may expectation affects reportability not implicit processing of stimuli.

further explanations of phenomenon of inattentional blindness include inattentional amnesia, inattentional agnosia , change blindness.

inattentional agnosia

an explanation phenomenon observers see critical object in visual field fail process extensively enough retain it. individuals experience inattentional agnosia after having seen target stimuli not consciously being able identify stimuli is. possible observers not able identify stimuli seeing coherent objects. observers perceive representation of stimuli unaware of stimulus is. because stimulus not encoded specific thing, later not remembered. individuals fail report stimuli after has been removed. however, despite lack in ability process stimuli, experiments have shown priming effect of critical stimuli. priming effect indicates stimuli must have been processed degree, occurs if observers unable report stimuli is.

change blindness

inattentional blindness failure see stimulus, such object present in visual field. however, change blindness failure notice different visual display. change blindness directly related memory, individuals experience effects of change blindness fail notice different visual display 1 moment next. in experiments test phenomenon participants shown image followed duplicate image has had single change made it. participants asked compare , contrast 2 images , identify change is. in inattentional blindness experiments, participants fail identify stimulus in single display, phenomenon doesn t rely on memory way change blindness does. inattentional blindness refers inability identify object whereas change blindness failure compare new image or display 1 stored in memory.