Rashidun period Antakya

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recapture of antioch in 969


in 637, during reign of byzantine emperor heraclius, antioch conquered rashidun caliphate during battle of iron bridge. city became known in arabic أنطاكيّة (anṭākiyyah). since umayyad dynasty unable penetrate anatolian plateau, antioch found on frontline of conflicts between 2 hostile empires during next 350 years, city went precipitous decline.


in 969, city reconquered byzantine emperor nikephoros ii phokas michael bourtzes , stratopedarches peter. became seat of dux, commanded forces of local themes , important officer on empire s eastern border, held such men nikephoros ouranos. in 1078, philaretos brachamios, armenian rebel seized power. held city until seljuk turks captured him in 1084. sultanate of rum held fourteen years before crusaders arrived.








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