1831 eruption and British possession Graham Island (Mediterranean Sea)

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graham island guarded hms melville


graham island s recent appearance island in july 1831. first sign of eruption period of high seismic activity spanning 28 june 10 july reported nearby town of sciacca. on july 4, odor of sulfur spread through town reportedly in such quantities blackened silver. on 13 july, column of smoke seen st. domenico. residents believed ferry on fire. on same day, brig gustavo passed through area, confirming bubbling in sea captain thought sea monster. ship reported dead fish floating in water. 17 july, grown islet had formed.


on 1 august 1831, humphrey fleming senhouse, captain of first rate royal navy ship of line hms st vincent claimed island british crown , named after sir james graham, first lord of admiralty. eruptions of 1831 resulted in island increasing in size 4 km (2.5 mi). however, composed of loose tephra, eroded wave action, , when eruptive episode ended rapidly subsided, disappearing beneath waves in january 1832, before issue of sovereignty resolved. fresh eruptions in 1863 caused island reappear briefly before again sinking below sea level. @ maximum (in july , august 1831), 4,800 m (15,700 ft) in circumference , 63 m (207 ft) in height. sported 2 small lakes, larger of 20 metres (66 ft) in circumference , 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in depth.









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