Territories and administration Marquisate of the Valley of Oaxaca

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palace of cortés, cuernavaca. main seat of government of marquisate of valley of oaxaca, , residence of 1st, 2nd , 4th marquises.


this last corregimiento included until 1560 port of tehuantepec, when king philip ii issued royal cédula, dated 16 december, removed tehuantepec marquisal estate, specified marquis should receive in exchange equivalence of tributes in gold town produced royal treasury. royal audience of mexico, on 23 november 1563, fixed perpetual annual reward of 1,527 pesos of gold , 3,442 fanegas of maize paid villages of tenango del valle , chimalhuacán.


the alcaldía mayor of 4 towns of marquisate (santa maría de oaxaca, cuilapan, etla , santa ana tlapacoyan), of 1,500 km, included 34 villages, 2 haciendas , sugar ingenio. notwithstanding being surrounded lands of alcaldía, city of antequera (today oaxaca de juárez) patrimony of crown. alcaldía mayor of cuernavaca spanned former corregimientos of acapixtla , oaxtepec, covering area of 4,100 km. included city of cuernavaca, head of marquisate; 80 villages, 8 haciendas , 3 sugar ingenios, situated in tlaltenango (the first 1 in new spain), amatitlán , atlacomulco. alcaldía mayor of tuxtla , cotaxtla, headed town of santiago tuxtla, composed of 51 villages.


up 1567, marquis assigned general supervision of estate affairs high steward (mayordomo mayor), official directly below him work consisted of routine collection , disbursement of funds , materials, conduct of lawsuits. in year, viceregal authorities discovered conspiracy led don martín cortés, 2nd marquis , brother martín cortés mestizo, planning proclaim former king of new spain, supported conquistadors, unhappy new laws restricted inheritance of encomiendas. king ordered sequestration of marquisate, meant crown seized control of estate , withdrew incomes; leaders being expelled new spain , forbidden return.


although sequestration lifted in 1593, marquises lost direct control of administration of estate, had retain structure through crown had worked, relinquished governing autonomy used exercise. then, marquisate had fixed bureaucracy: governor , privative judge of estate (gobernador y juez privativo), estate controller (contador), estate lawyer (abogado de cámara), estate solicitor (procurador), estate bailiff (agente solicitador), estate executioner (ministro ejecutor), administrator of houses , ground rents , interpreter of náhuatl. these major officials met group, called junta, discuss estate affairs. also, there office in madrid, general direction, decisions taken jointly agents of marquis.


the marquesado del valle codex, written in second half of 16th century, includes 28 petitions filed local landowners in nahuatl language requesting return of seized lands.








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