Charles Stark Draper Prize National Academy of Engineering

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the nae annually awards charles stark draper prize, given advancement of engineering , education of public engineering. winner of prize receives $500,000. draper prize named charles s. draper, father of inertial navigation , mit professor , founder of draper laboratory.



1989: jack s. kilby , robert n. noyce independent development of monolithic integrated circuit.
1991: sir frank whittle , hans von ohain independent development of turbojet engine.
1993: john backus development of fortran, first used, general purpose, high-level computer language.
1995: john r. pierce , harold a. rosen development of communication satellite technology.
1997: vladimir haensel invention of platforming .
1999: charles k. kao, robert d. maurer, , john b. macchesney development of fiber optics.
2001: vinton g. cerf, robert e. kahn, leonard kleinrock, , lawrence g. roberts development of internet.
2002: robert langer bioengineering of revolutionary medical drug delivery systems.
2003: ivan a. getting , bradford w. parkinson work developing global positioning system.
2004: alan c. kay, butler w. lampson, robert w. taylor, , charles p. thacker work on alto, first practical networked computer.
2005: minoru s. sam araki, francis j. madden, edward a. miller, james w. plummer , don h. schoessler design, development, , operation of corona, first space-based earth observation systems.
2006: willard s. boyle , george e. smith invention of charge-coupled device (ccd), light-sensitive component @ heart of digital cameras , other used imaging technologies.
2007: tim berners-lee developing world wide web.
2008: rudolf e. kalman developing kalman filter.
2009: robert h. dennard invention , contributions development of dynamic random-access memory (dram), used universally in computers , other data processing , communication systems.
2011: frances h. arnold , willem p.c. stemmer individual contributions directed evolution, process allows researchers guide creation of properties in proteins , cells. technique has been used in food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, toxicology, agricultural products, gene delivery systems, laundry aids, , biofuels
2012: george h. heilmeier, wolfgang helfrich, martin schadt, , t peter brody contributions development of liquid crystal display (lcd) technologies
2013: thomas haug, martin cooper, yoshihisa okumura (奥村 善久), richard h. frenkiel, , joel s. engel, mobile phone pioneers laid groundwork today’s smartphone






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