Types Open bite malocclusion

1 types

1.1 anterior open bite
1.2 posterior open bite
1.3 skeletal open bite
1.4 dental open bite

types
anterior open bite

an anterior open bite occurs in humans when front teeth fail touch , there no overlap between upper incisors , lower incisors. anterior open can caused functional habits such digit sucking, tongue thrust or long-term pacifier use. when digit sucking habit present in late primary mixed dentition stages, can lead different side-effects such upper teeth flaring out, lower teeth flaring in, increase in open bite , overjet. posterior crossbite in these children along decrease in intercanine , intermolar width found. more intense (longer) habit, worse malocclusion may be.

pacifier use has shown cause anterior open bites in children. pacifier use lasts longer 18 months, may cause malocclusion. shown long sucking habit stops before eruption of permanent teeth, open bite self-corrects. in cases, behavior modification may necessary eliminate dental habits. if else fails, tongue crib can used.

posterior open bite

posterior open bite caused when posterior teeth such molars or premolars fail touch counterpart tooth. more occur in segments there may unilateral open bite or open bite related 1 or more teeth. failure of eruption of teeth either due primary failure or mechanical obstruction during eruption phase can cause open bite. lateral tongue thrust may prevent eruption of posterior teeth, eliminating habit maybe key eruption in instances.

skeletal open bite

patient skeletal open bites accompany dental open bites may have adenoid faces or long face syndrome. said have known hyperdivergent growth pattern includes characteristics such as:

increased lower anterior facial height
occlusal plane diverges after 1st molar contact
may accompany dental open bite
narrow nostrils upturned nose
dolicofacial or leptoprosopic face pattern
constricted maxillary arch
bilateral posterior crossbite
high , narrow palatal vault
presence of crowding in teeth
mentalis muscle strain upon forcibly closing of lips
possible gummy smile increased interlabial gap

cephalometric analysis features of skeletal open bite may include:

increased frankfurt-mandibular plane angle
steep occlusal plane angle
increased sn-mp angle
short mandibular ramus
increased mandibular body length
downward , backward position of mandible
increased gonial angle
proclined upper incisors, retroclined or upright lower incisors
posterior part of maxilla tipped downwards
posterior facial height equals 1/2 of anterior facial height
increased hard tissue lower anterior facial height
increased total anterior facial height
short mandibular ramus

viken sassouni developed sassouni analysis indicates patient s long face syndrome have 4 of bony planes (mandibular plane, occlusal plane, palatal plane, sn plane) steep each other.

dental open bite

dental open bite occurs in patients anterior teeth fail touch. however, not accompanied skeletal tendency of having open bite. type of open bite may happen in patients have horizontal or hypodivergent growth pattern. these patients have normal jaw growth , not have long face syndrome. anterior open bite in these patients may caused macroglossia, tongue thrusting habit or digit sucking habits. of characteristics of dental open bite include:

normal lower anterior facial height
horizontal/hypodivergent growth pattern
occlusal plane diverges after premolar contact
under-eruption of anterior incisors
over-eruption of posterior incisors
proclined upper , lower incisors
no vertical maxillary excess or gummy smile
presence of habits such thumb sucking, tongue thrusting
spacing between anterior incisors due proclination




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^ cite error: named reference :0 invoked never defined (see page).
^ matsumoto, mírian aiko nakane; romano, fábio lourenço; ferreira, josé tarcísio lima; valério, rodrigo alexandre (2012-01-01). open bite: diagnosis, treatment , stability . brazilian dental journal. 23 (6): 768–778. doi:10.1590/s0103-64402012000600024. issn 1806-4760. pmid 23338275. 
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^ sassouni, viken. roentgenographic cephalometric analysis of cephalo-facio-dental relationships . american journal of orthodontics. 41: 735–764. doi:10.1016/0002-9416(55)90171-8. retrieved 2017-03-14.